A study on variation in spatial voltage distribution pattern across tissue layers between non-excitable plant and excitable plant

Understanding the mechanism of information processing in plants remains a challenging task even in the era of machine learning and artificial neural networks. Sir J.C. Bose had demonstrated through his experiments that the various modes of stimulation which effectively initiated nervous impulse in animals led to impulse generation in the excitable plant Mimosa pudica as well. In order to localize the tissue responsible for conduction of excitation in the petiole of Mimosa, Bose had constructed a specialized ‘Electric Probe’ (glass tip electrode). From this experiment, Bose found that there were different intensities of transmitted excitation in different tissue layers of the petiole. In this backdrop, an experimental research has been conducted to comparatively study the pattern of spatial voltage distribution across different tissue layers in both, a non-excitable plant Alternanthera philoxeroides (in stem) and an excitable plant Mimosa pudica (in petiole), by following experimental principles similar to that of Sir J. C. Bose. For the present experimental study, the electrical probes (glass tip electrode), similar to the one designed by J.C. Bose and the whole experimental setup has been constructed and developed completely in the laboratory. The results indicated a striking difference in the spatial voltage distribution pattern between the non-excitable and the excitable plant. Since Mimosa is an excitable plant having specialized mechanoreceptor cells, the change in spatial voltage distribution in the different layers of petiole, following excitation (uniform electrical stimuli) of a sub-petiole has been also studied, as an additional segment of the present research. In the present study a notable difference in the intensities of the transmitted excitation was also found upon electrical stimulation of one of the sub-petioles of the excitable plant M. pudica.

Evaluation of Anti-Depressant Potential of Medicinal Ghrita

This article aims to evaluate the possible antidepressant effect of the Ghrita prepared from the combination of these plants and to provide probable scientific explanations for using medicated Ghrita (ghee) in Ayurvedic system of medicine. Herbs for Ghrita like Marsilea quadrifolia, Lawsonia inermis, Mimosa pudica, Piper betle were collected freshly during the month of June. One part Kalka (herb bolus), 4 parts pure cow ghee, and 16 parts Dravadravya were used to make Ghrita (Swarasa). Anti-depressant potential of the Ghrita was evaluated by forced swimming, tail suspension, locomotor activity, rota-rod test (motor co-ordination), elevated plus maze (EPM) model, and hole board test were used to assess the Ghrita's anti-depressant potential. According to the Irwin schedule, Gritha medication reduces alertness but has no effect on other parameters, but imipramine treatment reduces responsiveness, alertness, grooming, and writing reflexes to some extent. Following 14 days of therapy with medicinal Ghrita, the immobility time in the forced swim test and the tail suspension test were reduced by 29% and 42%, respectively. In the rotarod test, it had no significant effect on muscle gripping ability when compared to control animals, whereas imipramine produced a significant result. It was observed that the medicinal Gritha significantly (p<0.05) decreases the locomotor activity in actophotometer test and head dips counts in hole board test as compared to control at the end of 14 days study in a 5 minute observation. Ghrita increased the number of entries in the elevated plus maze by 50% and the time spent in the open arm by 72%. The results of this investigation suggest the possible antidepressant potential of medicinal Ghrita.

Partial purification and characterization of antimicrobial peptide(s) from Mimosa pudica (Mimosaceae)

@#Plants have been a major source of natural products for sustaining human health. The use of the different parts of the plant as infusions, decoctions, extracts, and powders are being employed in the treatment of different diseases in humans, plants, and animals. One property of great significance in terms of therapeutic treatments, especially with the emergence of multi-drug resistant microbes, is the antimicrobial activity. A new promising source of antimicrobials that demonstrate novel mechanisms of therapeutic strategies is low molecular weight peptides. In this study, the antimicrobial activities of Mimosa pudica crude and partially purified peptide extracts against Gram-negative Enterobacter cloacae ATCC 23355 and Enterobacter aerogenes ATCC 13048, and Gram-positive Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228 using resazurin colorimetric assay and tricine SDS-PAGE bioautography were reported. M. pudica crude and partially purified extracts exhibited antimicrobial activity against all the bacteria tested. Specifically, the peptide that was partially purified from M. pudica with a molecular weight of 5.14 kDa inhibited the growth of Enterobacter cloacae.

Biomimetic Applications of Mimosa pudica L. in the Theoretical Development of a Pneumatic Actuator

Abstract For years, plants have tried to adapt to the environmental changes caused by time, improving and developing their biological structures. Many of these structural and functional properties of plants have great potential for the development of concepts in the field of biomimetics. Recent previous studies have shown that the movement of Mimosa pudica L. is caused by the variation of turgor pressure within the cells of organs motor, that is, the influx and efflux of water by osmosis, generating reversible changes in the shape of the plant. Thus, this article sought, through research and literature references, to carry out a survey of studies related to the seismonastic movements of the plant and its applications in the design of technological innovations. In addition, it presents the development of a pneumatic actuator based on the abstraction of the morphology of the primary pulvinus of the plant and the concept of bioinspired design of the theoretical model based on the technology of soft robots. As a result, the bioinspired actuator model of the plant movement is described. In addition, with a simulation, it was possible to observe that the flexible modules are capable of generating the proposed movement and allow movement of the actuator. With the study, it was possible to understand that the movement of the plant appears as an embryo for the projection of technologies, and that the proposed study appears as the basis for research with pneumatic actuators.

Indigenous bacterial community of heavy metal tolerance in the rhizosphere soils of Mimosa pudica naturally growing on an ex-tin mining area

Aims@#The purpose of this research was to explore the composition and genomic functions of bacterial community inhabiting the rhizosphere of Mimosa pudica, which were naturally growing on tailing and non-tailing soils of an ex-tin mining area.@*Methodology and results@#DNA were extracted from rhizosphere soils and PCR targeting the hypervariable region V3-V4 was carried out by Illumina 16S metagenomic library. Libraries were sequenced using Illumina MiSeq. The Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) were assigned to 23 bacterial phyla, 72 classes, 165 orders, 248 families and 357 genera. The most represented and dominant phylum was Proteobacteria, with an average abundance value of 41.2%. The most represented genera included Paraburkholderia, Bradyrhizobium, Bacillus, Candidatus, Acidothermus, Acidibacter and Nitrospira. Non-tailing soils had more number and richness of species while the tailings had more diversity of species. The metagenomes accommodate suspected genes for heavy metal tolerance of microbes (As, Cr, Co, Zn, Ni, Cu, Cd, Fe and Hg) and microbial plant-growth-promoting traits for hyperaccumulator plants (synthesis of indole acetic acid (IAA), siderophore and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase; solubilization of phosphate and potassium and nitrogen fixation). @*Conclusion, significance and impact of study@#Bacteria and predicted genes discovered could be part of major factors influencing growth of M. pudica in heavy metal-contaminated soils. The study provides the first report and a basis into the bacterial community associated with M. pudica in ex-tin mining soils from the studied geographical location. The findings also provide fundamental knowledge on phytoremediation potential of heavy metal contaminated soils involving indigenous beneficial microbial populations.

A Review On The Pharmacological And Traditional Properties Of Mimosa Pudica

Consumption of fruits and vegetables fight against oxidative damage by inhibiting or reducing free radicals and reactive oxygen species. Mimosa pudica is a perennial herb and belongs to the family Fabaceae. Epidemiological studies have shown that M. pudica contains metabolites such as phenols and flavonoid compounds which possess pharmacological properties such as antidiabetic, antimicrobial, antiulcer, antidepressants and anti-inflammatory. Ecological studies have shown that M. pudica grows in all types of soil which can survive in soil with low nutrient concentration. It usually requires disturbed soil to establish itself. It is commonly seen in the wastelands and along roadsides, which is an ethnomedical plant that may be used in managing various types of disease. Valuable information and literature on M. pudica are analysed and consulted using a different database such as Google Scholar, Google, Science Direct, Web of Science, Academic Journals and Pubmed. This review article summarises the pharmacological properties of M. pudica.

Appraisal of acute oral toxicity of glucuronoxylan hydrogel from Mimosa pudica seeds

Glucuronoxylan hydrogel (GXH) isolated from M. pudica seeds was assessed for acute toxicology in albino mice that were alienated into four groups. Three groups, i.e., II, III and IV received GXH at a dose of 1, 2 and 5 g/kg, respectively while group I was retained untreated and provided routine diet. After administering GXH, mice were examined for vomiting, diarrhea, allergy and tremors for 8 h. All animals were carefully observed for food and water consumption at 1, 2, 3, 7 and 14 day after administering GXH. At the end of studies, blood samples were drawn for investigation of hematological and biochemical parameters. All animals were sacrificed, relative body weight of vital organs was calculated and their histopathology was studied. It was concluded that there was insignificant difference in body weight, behavioral pattern, food and water intake among treated and control groups. Haematology and biochemistry of blood samples from all groups were found analogous. Histopathological evaluation of vital body organs exhibited no lesions in all groups. Ocular, cardiac and dermal safety of GXH was also established on albino rabbits.

Virtual screening for potential COX-inhibiting constituents from Mimosa pudica.

Developing a new agent in the anti-inflammatory and analgesic field, plants secondary metabolites can be a good source for the Non-Steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAID) drug development. For this purpose we subjected the active compounds of Mimosa pudica Linn. to reveal its potentiality by molecular docking analysis to find out its potent compound against COX which was done by GOLD docking analysis. Docking studies by GOLD showed that vitexin of Mimosa pudica had the highest fitness score against the COX-1 which is 60.43 and 63.49 for COX-2 enzyme. Vitexin of Mimosa pudica detected with significant fitness score and hydrogen bonding against COX-1 and COX-2 which may be a potent analgesic compound.

Hepatotoxicidad aguda de la decocción de la planta Mimosa púdica en ratas Sprague Dawley / Acute Hepatotoxicity of Mimosa pudica Plant Decoction in Sprague Dawley Rats

Introducción: la enfermedad hepática tóxica es un problema desconcertante debido al amplio número de sustancias capaces de inducir este tipo de reacciones. Datos epidemiológicos y estadísticos demuestran que la Mimosa púdica conocida como moriviví, sensitiva, adormidera es una de las plantas (objeto de abuso) más empleadas como adulterante en los pitillos de marihuana en pacientes drogadictos. Objetivos: evaluar el comportamiento de los parámetros bioquímicos y describir los hallazgos anatopatológicos en el hígado de ratas por efecto de la planta Mimosa púdica. Métodos: se realizó un estudio preclínico de hepatotoxicidad aguda con la planta Mimosa púdica en animales de experimentación. Se seleccionaron 25 ratas Sprague Dawley, cinco por cada grupo (control positivo, control y tres grupos experimentales) de experimentación. Se administró una dosis de 500, 1000 y 2000 miligramos por kilogramo de peso corporal de la decocción de la planta a los grupos experimentales respectivamente; tetracloruro de carbono a dosis de 3 mililitros por kilogramo de peso corporal al control positivo y agua estéril al control. Resultados: aumento de los niveles de transaminasas (TGP y TGO) en los grupos experimentales con respecto al grupo control. Las alteraciones anatomopatológicos observadas fueron: necrosis focal periportal, congestión de venas centrolobulillares y degeneración acidófila del hígado. Conclusiones: el consumo de la decocción de la planta Mimosa púdica afecta el hígado, lo que provoca alteraciones bioquímicas y anatomopatológicas, de probable importancia en pacientes drogadictos, aunque se requieren más estudios.

Introduction: toxic liver disease is a concerning problem due to the large number of substances that cause such reactions. Epidemiological and statistical data show that Mimosa (Moriviví), known as sensitive and opium poppy is one of the most used plants by drug-addict patients, as an adulterant in marihuana cigarettes drug. Objectives: to evaluate the behavior of biochemical parameters and describe pathological findings in the liver of rats as a result of Mimosa pudica plant. Methods: a preclinical study of acute hepatotoxicity with Mimosa pudica plant in experimental animals was performed. Twenty five Sprague Dawley rats, five per group (positive control, group control and three experimental) were selected for the study. A dose of 500, 1000 and 2000 mg administered per kilogram of body weight of the decoction of the plant to the experimental groups respectively; carbon tetrachloride at doses of 3 milliliters per kilogram of body weight to the positive control and sterile water to control. Results: the results showed an increase of levels of transaminases (SGOT and SGPT) in the experimental groups compared to the control group. The pathological changes observed were focal periportal necrosis, congestion and centrilobular veins acidophilic degeneration of the liver. Conclusions: the consumption of the decoction of the plant Mimosa pudica affects the liver, causing biochemical and pathological alteration of likely importance in drug patients, although further studies are required.

Abstinencia espontánea en ratones tratados con Mimosa pudica / Spontaneous abstinence in mice treated with Mimosa pudica

La planta Mimosa pudica (moriviví, como comúnmente se le conoce), ha sido empleada tradicionalmente como anestésico, antidepresivo, sedante, antialopécico, entre otras propiedades farmacológicas; sin embargo, en los últimos años su consumo se ha convertido en excesivo. Con el objetivo de conocer el potencial adictivo de esta planta se desarrolló un ensayo de abstinencia espontánea en ratones de la línea NMRI, llevado a cabo durante 20 días, para lo cual se administró una dosis de 1 000 mg/kg de peso de la decocción de la planta 2 veces al día, por vía oral. Como control negativo y positivo se emplearon agua y morfina (32 mg/kg de peso por vía intraperitoneal, respectivamente). Finalmente se comprobó que dicha decocción mostró signos de dependencia física y los animales en estudio manifestaron disminución del peso corporal y aumento de la temperatura rectal con respecto al control negativo, una vez suspendida la administración. Por su parte, estos signos fueron más significativos en el control positivo, de manera que se puede plantear que la decocción de la planta Mimosa pudica a la dosis empleada evidenció signos de dependencia física.

The plant Mimosa pudica (moriviví, as it is commonly known), has been traditionally used as anesthetic, antidepressant, sedative, antialopecic, among other pharmacological properties; however, in the last years its use has become excessive. With the objective of knowing the addictive potential of this plant a trial of spontaneous abstinence was developed in mice of the strain NMRI, carried out during 20 days, for which a dose of 1 000 mg/kg of weight of the decoction of the plant was administered orally twice at day. As negative and positive control water and morphine were used (32 mg/kg of weight intraperitoneally, in both cases). Finally, it was shown that this decoction showed signs of physical dependence and the animals in study showed a decrease of the body weight and an increase of the rectal temperature with regard to the negative control, once the decoction was discontinued. On the other hand, these signs were more significant in the positive control, so that it can be stated that the decoction of the plant Mimosa pudica evidenced signs of physical dependence with the used dose.

In Vivo Evaluation of Mimosa Pudica Linn. In the Management of Polycystic Ovary Using Rat Model.

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Mimosa pudica Linn. (MP) in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) using a Letrozole induced PCOS rat model. PCOS was induced in albino wistar female rats by daily oral administration of Letrozole for 21 days. The low (250 mg/kg), mid (500 mg/kg) and high dose (1000 mg/kg) of MP was given orally to the PCOS induced rats for 15 days post Letrozole induction to determine the effective dose of MP in the treatment of PCOS. The biomarkers of ovarian function, plasma testosterone, estrogen and progesterone were analyzed to determine the fluctuations in sex steroid levels in PCOS induced rats. The plasma testosterone levels were found to be increased significantly in rats with PCOS whereas plasma estrogen and progesterone levels were significantly decreased. When compared with control, the PCOS induced rats showed characteristic ovary with high incidence of ovarian cysts with a diminished granulosa layer, significant number of atretic follicles and absence of corpora lutea. All the end points assessed were significantly improved after the treatment with mid and high dose of MP and achieved levels close to normal levels. The mid dose (500 mg/kg) and high dose (1000 mg/kg) of MP were found to be effective in the treatment of PCOS induced by Letrozole in rats. This effect of MP significantly reduced histopathological changes in ovary and endocrinological and biochemical changes induced by hyperandrogenism. Thus MP was found to have a good potential to be a very good alternative therapy in the treatment of PCOS.

Lesões traumáticas de pele causadas pelos espinhos de Mimosa pudica e Mimosa debilis em equídeos / Traumatic skin injuries caused by the thorns of Mimosa pudica and Mimosa debilis in Equidae

Foram realizadas pesquisas sobre a natureza e causa de lesões de pele em equídeos em uma propriedade no município de Castanhal, região Nordeste do Estado do Pará. Foram realizadas visitas técnicas, estudos epidemiológicos, coletas de sangue, biópsias de pele afetada e a inspeção da pastagem. O estudo incluiu 25 equídeos, dos quais 14 machos e 11 fêmeas, de seis meses e oito anos de idade. Os animais apresentaram lesões ulcerativas, de bordos irregulares, na cabeça (narinas, focinho, lábios superiores e inferiores e chanfro), na cavidade oral (vestíbulo bucal e gengiva) e nos membros (boletos, metacarpos e metatarsos e articulação escápulo-umeral). No exame histopatológico foram observados focos de erosões cutâneas, caracterizados por perda e necrose da epiderme, com espongiose, degeneração vesicular da epiderme remanescente e leve infiltrado inflamatório na derme subjacente, constituído predominantemente por macrófagos e, em menor grau, eosinófilos. Na inspeção da pastagem, constituída de Brachiaria humidicola, foi constatada grande invasão de duas plantas providas de espinhos, Mimosa pudica e Mimosa debilis, ambas da família Leg. Mimosoideae. Concluiu-se, que as lesões de pele foram causadas pela ação traumática dos espinhos de Mimosa pudica e Mimosa debilis.(AU)

Studies on the nature and cause of skin lesions in horses on a farm in the county of Castanhal, northeastern Para, Brazil were conducted. These were visits to the farm, epidemiological studies, blood sample collections, skin biopsies, and inspection of the pasture. The study included 25 Equidae, 14 males and 11 females, six months to eight years old. The animals showed ulcerative lesions of irregular borders on the head (nose, muzzle, upper and lower lips), in the oral cavity (buccal vestibule and gum) and on the limbs (billets, metacarpals and metatarsals and scapular-humeral joint). The histopathological examination revealed foci of cutaneous erosions with epidermal necrosis, spongiosis and vesicular degeneration of the remaining epidermis, and mild inflammatory infiltrate in the underlying dermis, consisting predominantly of macrophages and, to a lesser degree, eosinophils. The inspection of the pasture, which consisted of Brachiaria humidicola, revealed a heavy invasion by two plants provided with spines, Mimosa pudica and Mimosa debilis, of the Leguminosae Mimosoideae family. It was concluded that the skin lesions were caused by traumatic action of the spines of Mimosa pudica and Mimosa debilis.(AU)

Lajjalu treatment of uterine prolapse.

Mimosa pudica was found useful in cases of uterine prolapse with bleeding, consistent with my experience of working with the condition for more than 45 years, and treating hundreds of such cases of uterine prolapse. Hysterectomy has been avoided up to this date, and is not now expected to be recommended.

Lesões de pele causadas pelos espinhos de Mimosa pudica (Leg. Mimosoideae) nos membros de bovinos e ovinos no estado do Pará / Cutaneous lesions of the legs caused by the thorns of Mimosa pudica (Leg. Mimosoideae) in cattle and sheep in the State of Pará

Foi estudada uma doença em bovinos e ovinos caracterizada por lesões ulcerativas e granulomatosas da pele dos membros. Os estudos epidemiológicos e patológicos permitiram concluir que essas lesões são causadas pelos espinhos de Mimosa pudica (Leg. Mimosoideae). A doença foi observada somente em pastagens acentuadamente infestadas e os animais se recuperaram rapidamente após retirados destes pastos. Nos ovinos as lesões atingiam partes mais altas dos membros do que nos bovinos, devido ao seu menor porte.

A condition of cattle and sheep characterized by ulcerous and granulomatous skin lesions of the legs was studied. Epidemiological data and the nature of the lesions indicate that they are caused by the thorns of Mimosa pudica (Leg. Mimosoideae). The disease was observed only in pastures largely infested by the plant, and animals recover quickly when moved from them.

Chemical Composition and sedative effect of mimosa pudica

The extracts of the leaf of Mimosa pudica contain tannin, flavonoids, phytosterols, alcaloids and saponins. Aqueous and alcoholic extracts of the leaf exhibit sedative and hypnotic effects , but in alcoholic extract these effects were stronger

A preliminary determination of the antimalarial property of Mimosa pudica L. using Plasmodium berghei mouse model

Based on ethnophannacological studies, Makahiya (Mimosa pudica L.) root extract is used by the Dumagat tribe to treat malaria. However, no scientific study has been conducted to confirm the anti-malarial property of Makahiya root extractAfter successful inoculation with Plasmodium-infected blood, 30 BalB-C mice consisting of 15 males and 15 females were randomly assigned to receive distilled water, pure root extract, 10.2 diluted root extract, 10.1 diluted root extract and quinine sulfate suspension. Treatments were administered using oral gavage method on an 8-hour interval for 6 consecutive days. Parasitemia was monitored by microscopic examination of Giemsa-stained blood smears taken at the end of each treatment dayBaseline parasitemia levels of the five treatment groups showed no significant difference when subjected to one-way ANOVA. When graphed, all three groups treated with Makahiya root extract appear to be parallel with one another, and showed a slightly increasing trend with slopes of 1.475, 1.4893 and 1.5771 for the treatment groups receiving pure extract, 10-1 ldilution and 10-2 dilution, respectivelyThe negative control group demonstrated a steadily increasing graph, with a slope of 14.25. The group treated with quinine, on the other hand, showed a steadily decreasing graph with a slope of 4.8911One population t-test revealed that a significant difference exists between the slopes of the three makahiya treatment groups. It also revealed a significant difference between the slopes of the three Makahiya groups and distilled water. A significant difference also exists between quinine and the three Makahiya treatment groups using the same testsThe presence of a significant difference between water and the three Makahiya treatment groups shows that Makahiya has an anti-malarial effect. However, the anti-malarial effect is not the same as quinine as shown by a significant difference between the Makahiya and quinine